八年级下册英语第一单元知识点

英语是一种重要的国际语言,是我们必备的能力之一。那么八年级下册英语第一单元知识点有哪些呢?以下是小编准备的一些八年级下册英语第一单元知识点，仅供参考。

初二下册英语第一单元知识点

一、基础知识

1. What’ s the matter? 怎么啦?出什么事情了?

【解析】matter/ ' m?t?(r)) /n.问题;事情

What’ s the matter with you?= What’s the trouble with you? = What’ s wrong with you? 你怎么了?

【注】： matter 和trouble 为名词， 其前可加the 或形容词性物主代词，wrong 是adj. 不能加the

【用法】用于询问某人有什么病或某人遇到什么麻烦、问题其后跟询问对象时， 与介词with连用。即：

What’s the matter with sb.? = What’s your trouble? = What’s up? = What happens to sb.?

— What’s the matter with you ? — I have a bad cold.

2. I had a cold.我感冒了。 have a cold=catch a cold=have the flu感冒

have a fever 发烧 have a cough咳嗽 have a stomachache胃疼，肚子疼 have a toothache牙疼 have a headache头疼

3. 身体部位+ache(疼痛)构成新的复合词

stomach+ache=stomachache head+ache=headache tooth+ache=toothache back+ache=backache后背痛

4. much too+ 形容词，意为 太...... ，too much+名词，意为 很多，大量 。

5. enough【形容、副词】足够的/地，enough放在名前后，形副后。good enough足够好，enough money=much money

6. lie down躺下， lie 躺，躺着，过去式lay;lie说谎，过去式lied

7. maybe “或许”，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子。Maybe you are right.

may be，是情态动词+be的结构，意为“可能，也许”，后加名词、代词或形容词。He may be angry.

sound like+名词代词和从句：It sounds like you don’t know the truth.

It sounds like a good idea. sound+形容词，“听起来，好像”，The music sounds nice.

9. need 需要，实义动词need+名词，需要某物;

need to do sth.需要做某事，主语通常是人，表示人主动的动作：You need to listen carefully during class.

need doing sth.主语通常是物，表示被动的动作：Your dirty clothes need washing.

10. get off (the bus) 下(公交车) get on 上车

11. agree 同意，赞同;

agree with sth. 同意某事 如：I agree with that idea.

agree to sb. 同意某人的意见 如：I agree to LiLei.

12. trouble问题，麻烦 ;be in trouble遇到麻烦，make trouble 制造麻烦 ，have trouble (in) doing sth. =have difficulties (in) doing sth做......有麻烦。

13. right away=right now=at once，意为 马上 。

14. advice [不可数名词]劝告，建议，向…征求意见， give sb. advice on sth.就某事给某人建议; advise [动词] advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事

advise sb. doing sth.

【复习】exercise 练习、锻炼

当exercise意为“练习”时，为可数名词 即可加s

当exercise意为“锻炼”时，为不可数名词 即不加s

16. hurt 及物动词，使……疼痛，……受伤，He hurt his leg while exercising.

不及物动词，……(部位)疼。 His leg hurt badly.

clean 【动词】打扫，clean the classroom打扫教室，【形容词】 干净的 ，cleaner意为 清洁工 。

18. hit (用手或器具)打;击打 The boy hit the dog with a stone.

hit sb. on the head/ nose/ back打某人的头、鼻子、后背，on用在所打较硬的部位;

hit sb. in the face/ eye/ stomach 打某人的脸、眼睛、肚子，in用在所打较软的部位。

be used to sth./ doing sth.习惯于、适应了……、做某事，强调状态;His grandpa was used to country life.

Mary is not used to getting up early in the morning.

get/ become used to sth./ doing sth. “变得习惯，逐渐适应……”强调过程、动作：

It’s difficult for one to get used to another country’s habit.

20. 【复习】free [形容词]空闲的free time;免费的the drink is for free;自由的I want to become a free bird.

free【动词】使……解脱，得到自由：He could not free his arm.

run out用完，用尽 When his water run out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life.

物sth. run out. 某物用尽了。

人sb. run out of sth. 人用尽了某物。He run out of all his money last night.

22. risk (sb.) to do sth. 冒险去做某事 take a risk=take risks 冒险

23. the importance of (doing) sth.(做)某事的重要性

We students should know the importance of (learning) English.

importance n. 重要(性)， important adj.重要的，unimportant adj.不重要的

decision 【名词】决定;抉择; make a decision 做决定 ;

make a decision to do sth.= decide to do sth. 。

25. be in the control of …掌管，管理 The headmaster is in the control of this new school.

be out of control无法控制，无法管理 be under control被控制住，在控制之中

26. 【复习】mind意为 介意 ，mind doing sth. 介意做某事 ,

Would you mind my opening the window?

27. give up (doing) sth. 放弃(做)某事，give up (playing) computer games;

give up后可接名词、代词和动词ing形式，也可不接，如: Never give up easily.

二、重点语法

【反身代词】英语中共有八个反身代词，在使用时应注意和它所指的相应的对象在人称、性别、数上保持一致。

数 人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称

单数 myself yourself himself herself itself

复数 ourselves yourselves themselves

【用法】

1. 可用作宾语，指的是宾语和主语表示同一个或同一些的`人或事物。

如：Maria bought herself a scarf. We must look after ourselves very well.

2. 可用作表语，指的是表语和主语表示同一个或同一些人或事物。 如： She isn’t quite herself today.

3. 可用作主语或宾语的同位语，常用来加强语气。

如：She herself will fly to London tomorrow. I met the writer himself last week.

4. 用在某些固定短语当中。

look after oneself / take care of oneself 照顾自己 teach oneself sth./ learn sth. by oneself自学

enjoy oneself 玩得高兴，过得愉快

help oneself to sth 请自用……(随便吃/喝些……).

hurt oneself摔伤自己

say to oneself自言自语

leave sb. by oneself把某人单独留下

buy oneself sth.给自己买……东西

introduce oneself 介绍……自己

【提醒】

1. 反身代词不能单独做主语，但可以做主语的同位语，起强调作用。 如：我自己能完成作业。

(误)Myself can finish my homework. (正) I myself can finish my homework. / I can finish my homework myself.

2. 反身代词表示“某人自己”不能表示“某人的东西”，因为它没有所有格的形式。表达“某人自己的(东西)”时，须要用one’s own.

如：我用我自己的蜡笔画画。(误)I’m drawing with myself crayons. (正) I’m drawing with my own crayons.

八年级英语下册第一单元测试题

一. 单项选择(共15小题，计15分)

( )1. — Where will you live? — I will live ________ a space station.

A. at B. in C. on D. to

( )2. There ________ an English film this evening.

A. will B. is going to have C. is going to be D. will have

( )3. —What do you usually have for breakfast?

—_______milk and _____eggs.

A. A little;a few B. A little;a little

C. A few;a little D.A few;a few

( )4. Beijing is a very beautiful city. I fell in love ____ it when I came here.

A. with B. at C. for D. as

( )5.Though the old man lives _______, he doesn’t feel _________.

A. lonely; alone B. alone; lonely C. alone, alone D. lonely; lonely

( )6. They have________ work today and they’ll have________ tomorrow.

A. more;more B. much;much C. much;more D. many;more

( )7. —When________ you _______here? —In a month.

A. will;moving B. do;move C. will;move D. did;move

( )8. There is ____ milk in this glass than in that one.

A. less B. little C. least D. fewer

( )9. I _______him as soon as he _______ back.

A. will tell;will come B. tell;will come

C. tell;comes D. will tell;comes

( )10. He seems________. A. happily B. happy C. happiness D. to happy

( )11. We have to wear _____ uniform to school. A. a B. an C. the D. /

( )12. _______ students went to the zoo last Sunday.

A. Two hundred B. Two hundred of C. Hundreds C. Hundred of

( )13. Japanese companies have already made robots _______.

A. to walk and dance B. walking and dancing C. walk and dance D. walked and danced

( )14. The prediction that computers will be used at home has __________.

A. come over B. come true C. come along D. come out

( )15. —Do you think that there will be more trees in the mountain. —___

A. I hope so. B. I hope not.

C. Oh, really? D. Yeah, there will be fewer trees.

二、完形填空。(共10小题，计15分)

Robots seem very new to most people. And they have a long history. The 16 one was made by a Greek inventor (发明家). You may 17 robots in some films. The robots in these 18 are stronger, faster and cleverer like people. In real life, most robots are used in factories. They are used to do many dangerous, difficult or boring 19 . Some people can’t look after 20 and robots are used to help them. For example, some people can’t see, many of these people use a 21 to help them move around. This dog is called a guide dog.

22 are making a robot to help them. In the future, robots dogs 23 take the place of (代替) these guide dogs.

Robots are also 24 in American hospitals. At one hospital, a robot takes meals 25 the kitchen to the sick people’s rooms. It never loses its way because it has a map of the hospital in its computer system (系统).

In the future, robots will work in space. But robots will never take the place of human. They can help us in a lot of different ways.

( ) 16. A. first B. second C. third D. fourth

( ) 17. A. look B. watch C. look for D. see

( ) 18. A. factories B. apartments C. films D. programs

( ) 19. A. chores B. homework C. housework D. jobs

( ) 20. A. they B. their C. themselves D. them

( ) 21. A. dog B. cat C. parrot D. panda

( ) 22. A. Doctors B. Reporters C. Teachers D. Scientists

( ) 23. A. must B. might C. have to D. have to

( ) 24. A. used B. took C. made D. looked

( ) 25. A. with B. to C. from D. for

三.阅读理解(共10小题，计20分)

A

Dear Anita,

In your last letter you asked me about my plans for the future. .First, I will finish high school. Then I will go to college and study to be a doctor. I won’t get married right away because it takes a long time to become a doctor. I want to help sick people. I’m going to learn a lot about illness. Maybe I will find a treatment for cancer. I’ll be famous and I will become very rich.

After I become a successful doctor, I’ll get married. I want to marry an interesting person. For example, my wife might be an artist .We will have a wonderful life together. I think we will have one or two children. Doctors get paid quite a lot so I think we will have a nice house. We will travel a lot. I want to visit Australia, Europe, and Africa.

Are these plans, or dreams? Do they sound crazy to you? Write soon and tell me about

your plans.

Your friend

Josh

根据短文判断正误

26.Josh wants to become a doctor. ( ) 27.Josh wants to get married very soon. ( )

28.Josh’s wife might do interesting work..( ) 29.Josh wants to have a lot of children. ( )

30.Josh will travel to India.

B

Do you know the movie I, Robot? It tells us a story about the future.

The year is 2035 and robots are just as common as mobile phones. People depend on their robots to do lots things, for example, babysitting, cooking, doing chores and taking their dogs for a walk. Robots have to obey (听从) human’s orders, because their designers make them do so. A police officer called Spooner hates robots. He doesn’t think humans can get on well with their robots at all! But the scientist Susan has different opinions. Susan works on robots’ mind and she thinks one day robots will become more powerful (强大的) than humans and help humans to make progress (进步).

When Spooner and Susan work together, they find that something is wrong with the world’s robots. A few robots have their own thoughts and they’re trying to get out of humans’ control (控制)! Of course these robots’ dream doesn’t come true. Humans work hard to control their robots again and they succeed at last.

( ) 31. The story happened (发生) in _____________.

A. 2010 B. 2020 C. 2035 D. 2040

( ) 32. The phrase “depend on” in this article means ____________.

A. 依靠 B. 悬挂 C. 相信 D. 取决于

( ) 33. Spooner is a __________ and Susan is a ___________.

A. scientist; professor B. bank clerk; police officer

C. policeman; doctor D. police officer; scientist

( ) 34. Susan thinks that one day _____________.

A. robots can’t get on well with humans

B. robots will help human to make progress

C. robots will have their own thoughts D. robots will control the world

( ) 35. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to this article?

A. The movie I, Robot talks about the future.

B. People use their robots to do everything.

C. A few robots want to get out of human’s control.

D. At last humans succeed in controlling the robots again.

四.词汇运用(共20小题，计20分)

A.从方框内选出单词，用其适当形式填空。每空格限填一词，每词限用一次。

36. It ________ me two hours to finish my homework every day.

37. Let’s go _________ after school.

38. There are many famous ________ in Shanghai Bund(上海滩).

39. Yang Liwei is one of the best ________ in China.

40. There _______ a big concert in our city this evening.

41. There are many _________ about the relationship(关系) between the mainland and Taiwan.

B.在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，词首字母已给。

In some science fiction movies，people in the future have their own robots. These robots are just like h 42 .They help with the housework，and do the most u 43 jobs.

Robot scientists are not just trying to make robots look like people. For example, there are already robots working in factories. These robots look more like huge arms. They do s____44__ jobs over and over again. People would not like to do such jobs and would get b___45___. But robots will never get bored. In the future, there will be more robots e__46___and humans will have less work to do. New robots will have many different s__47___. Some will look like humans, and others might look like snakes. We will never know what will happen in the future.

C.用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。

48. Maybe he wants to go _______(skate) tomorrow.

49. He makes his students________ (read) English every day.

50. It’s difficult for robots __________ (think) like humans.

51. I think there _______ (be) less books in the future because people will read on computers.

52. Ten years ago students ________(go) to school on foot.

53. In ten years students _______ (take) cars to go to school.

54. I need _______ (look) smart for my job interview..

55. We are now _______(try) to learn English well.

五.句型转换。(共5小题，计10分)

56. Sally played football yesterday. (改为一般将来时)

Sally ______ ________ football tomorrow.

57. I think he can finish doing the work on time.(改为同义句)

I think he will ______ ______ _______ finish doing the work on time.

58. There will be more people in our country. (改为否定句)

_______ _______ _______ more people in our country.

59. I will live in Shanghai in ten years.(就划线部分提问)

_______ _______ you live in ten years?

60. Our team seems to win the game. (改为同义句)

______ _______ _______ our team will win the game.

A. I also like watching sea-fish.

B. Where should we meet?

C. That’s wonderful!

D. Where are you going this weekend?

E. when do you plan to leave?

F. Do you want to join us?

G. I’ll see you then.

六.补全对话(共5小题，计5分)

A: Hi, Mary. 61 .

B: Hi, Jack. I’m going to the beach with

some friends. 62

A: Yeah, that sounds fun. Which beach are

you going to?

B: We’re thinking about driving to the beach

in Qingdao. I like driving, and 63

A: That sounds great! 64

B: Well, we are setting off (出发) at about six o’clock on Friday.

A: Great! 65

61_________ 62__________ 63__________ 64___________ 65___________

七.书面表达(计15分)

写作要求：我喜欢英语，我想在10年以后当位英语老师。我要尽可能教好我的学生。我要尽量用英语讲课。我要努力使我的课讲得生动有趣。另外，我们都喜欢听老师讲故事，所以我要经常给学生讲英语故事，使他们对英语感兴趣，从而能提高他们的听力。我相信我能成为一个好老师的。词数：80左右。

八年级英语下册第一单元测试题答案

一.单项选择

1-5 CCAAB　6-10 CCADB 11-15 AACBA

二、完形填空。

16-20 ADBDC 21-25 ADBAC

三.阅读理解

26-30 TFFFF 31-35 CADBB

四.词汇运用

36. takes 37. swimming 38. buildings 39. astronauts 40. will be 41. predictions

42. humans 43. unpleasant 44. simple 45. bored 46. everywhere 47. shapes

48.skating 49. read 50. to think 51. will be 52. went 53. will go 54. to look 55. trying

五.句型转换。

56. will play 57. be able to 58. There won’t be 59. Where will 60. It seems that

六.补全对话 61-65 DFAEG

七.书面表达

One possible version

I like English. I want to be an English teacher in ten years. I'll teach my students as well as possible. I'll give my lessons in as much English as I can. I'll try my best to make my lessons lively and interesting. Besides, we all like listening to stories. So I'll try often to tell my students stories in English, so that they'll be interested in English and can improve their listening. I believe that I can become a good teacher.

八年级下学期英语教学工作计划

一、班级学生基本情况分析

本年段拥有学生约580名，英语学习上存在个体差异和班级差异，总体情况良好，主要存在以下几点问题：

1.部分学生的基础知识不够扎实，学生遗忘知识快，过去滚瓜烂熟的东西一段时间不用就忘了。

2.部分学生的应变能力有待提高，理解能力不强，对于阅读性课文不能理解通篇大意。

3.不能熟练运用学过的句型,课后做作业比较随意。

4.部分学生学习惰性较大,不愿背单词、词组和句型。上课时注意力易分散，上课效率不高，课后也不能及时复习巩固。

5.个别学生的学习积极性不高，没有养成良好的学习习惯和学习方法

经过学校八年级上的`学习，优秀学生在基础知识、基本技能方面掌握得较好。但小部分学生学了不会灵活应用，死记硬背。而且词汇量太少。对文章的理解还有待于进一步加强。

另外学生在学习态度方面的自觉性不够，对于背诵和听写等作业敷衍了事，以完成任务为目的。课前很少有学生在预习，课堂上极大部分能做到积极参与，勤做笔记，但课后的巩固就比较缺乏。极大部分在下列方面还需加强：

1、单词及短语的应用。

2、对话及文章的背诵。

3、听力还需引起重视。

二、学期教学总目标

不仅要培养学生的听、说、读、写方面的能力，做题方面的技巧，同时要渗透情感方面的教育，让学生逐渐成为有责任感，有爱心、具有合作精神、集体意识良好的优秀人才。

1、多听录音，培养学生听的能力。

2、多跟读、多模仿，注重语音、语调。

3、课堂上多培养学生用英语进行口头表达的能力。

4、运用所学知识培养学生的文章理解能力和写作能力。

三、提高课堂效率的措施

1、培养学生认真高效早读的习惯。

2、课堂上认真听讲、勤做笔记、积极参与。

3、作业独立完成，保质保量。做到不懂就问。

四、提高教学质量的主要措施

1、认真备课，钻研教材;认真“备”学生。

2、运用各种不同的肢体语言来辅助教学，师生多用英语交流，有目的地进行口语交际训练。

3、在课堂上多开展一些有趣的活动、游戏让学生在活动中学习英语，在生活中学习英语。

4、多为学生营造一些学习氛围，在“学中用，用中学”，如：创设英语角等等。

五、提优补差措施：

1、培养学生兴趣，让学生主动学习。

2、培养学生大声朗读的能力。

3、分层教育，布置分层作业。

4、利用课余时间进行个别辅导。

六、其他方面：

1、面向全体学生，不放弃一个差生。

2、多与学生沟通，了解和帮助他们解决其学习困惑。

3、多与家长沟通。